Understanding the nature of pH has bedeviled beginning (and not-so-beginning) chemistry students for nearly as long as chemistry has had students. It all seems so arbitrary, being the base-10 log of ...

Systems pH control systems are known by their extreme rangeability and sensitivity, but contact between the measurement electrodes and hostile fluids can cause issues. Case studies of representative ...

pH meters are an essential part of many laboratories. pH can affect microbial growth and chemical reactions, pH meters must be calibrated regularly. pH meters consist of either distinct reference and ...

A pH meter measures a pH or the acidity/alkalinity of substances. Most pH meters rely on a glass electrode that measures the number of hydrogen ions in the solution. Usually, pH meters need to be ...