The campus pro-Palestinian protests that erupted after the Oct. 7, 2023, Hamas attacks united many Jewish students, parents and “defense” groups in a national fight against antisemitism, intimidation and the disruption of university life.

Some organizations applauded the move. But the raid chilled other American Jews, even some who consider themselves supporters of Israel.

Trump promised ICE’s apprehension of Mahmoud Khalil is the ‘first arrest of many to come,’ referring to pro-Hamas students hostile to Israel and Jews.

Growing divisions split the American Jewish community between those defending Israel and concerned with Jewish safety, and those speaking out against Israel and in support of free speech.