How does DNA determine an organism’s characteristics? A process called translation decodes RNA created during transcription, and uses it to create proteins that perform specific cellular functions.

Somewhere in a sample of ordinary pond water, a single-celled organism has been quietly breaking one of biology’s most fundamental rules. Condylostoma magnum, a free-living ciliate barely visible to ...

Synonymous codons translate into chemically identical amino acids. Once considered inconsequential to the formation of the protein product, there is evidence to suggest that codon usage affects ...